Which antibiotics can be used for treating mastitis?

For the treatment of mastitis, the use of amoxicillin/clavulanate and dicloxacillin is appropriate because these antibiotics provide effective coverage against the common bacteria responsible for mastitis, most notably Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-sensitive strains. Amoxicillin/clavulanate combines a penicillin with a beta-lactamase inhibitor, enhancing its activity against resistant bacteria. Dicloxacillin, a penicillinase-resistant penicillin, is particularly effective against penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species, making it a strong choice for this condition.

While other combinations listed might have some merit under specific circumstances, they do not align as closely with the typical microbial pathogens involved in mastitis. For example, ciprofloxacin is not typically a first-line option for this condition, and cephalexin, although it can be effective, is less commonly preferred than the first option. Gentamicin, while useful in certain severe infections, is not a primary treatment for mastitis in most cases. Thus, amoxicillin/clavulanate and dicloxacillin are the standard choices for effectively addressing this condition.